The stages of magmatic system in Shapinggou molybdenum deposit district, Anhui Province:Evidence from geochronology and geochemistry
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摘要: 近年来,随着大别造山带内沙坪沟、汤家坪、千鹅冲等多个大型-超大型钼矿床的陆续发现,大别造山带钼金属成矿潜力引起了地学界的广泛关注。沙坪沟钼矿床位于大别造山带内,地处安徽省金寨县银山地区,是近年来发现的世界第二大斑岩型钼矿床。沙坪沟钼矿区广泛发育不同类型中酸性侵入岩,包括二长花岗岩、花岗闪长岩、石英二长岩、正长岩、钾长花岗斑岩等,前人对沙坪沟钼矿区内侵入岩的成岩时代、形成及演化过程的研究仍有待深入。本次工作在详细野外地质调查基础上,开展了沙坪沟钼矿区主要中酸性侵入岩年代学和岩石地球化学研究工作。通过锆石LA-ICP MS U-Pb定年方法,确定了二长花岗岩、花岗闪长岩、正长岩和钾长花岗斑岩成岩时代分别为136.3±1.6Ma、127.5±2.9Ma、117.2±1.2Ma和112.2±1.2Ma;结合前人的研究成果和侵入岩野外地质特征,提出矿区内中酸性侵入岩的成岩时代可划分为136~125Ma和124~112Ma两个阶段。中酸性侵入岩的岩石地球化学特征显示,由第一阶段到第二阶段,岩浆系列由高钾钙碱性系列向钾玄岩系列、钙碱性系列向碱性系列转变,岩浆性质由氧化性向还原性变化,岩浆源区由壳幔型源区向壳型源区演化,成岩背景由构造格局转变的伸展背景向稳定的板内背景过渡。高钾、高碱、高分异、偏还原、壳型源区,形成于稳定板内背景的侵入岩可能更有利于形成大型斑岩型钼矿床。Abstract: Several large molybdenum deposits, such as Shapinggou, Tangjiaping and Qian'echong have been discovered in the Dabie orogenic belt in recent years. Much research has focused on the molybdenum mineralization potential of Dabie orogenic belt. The Shapinggou molybdenum deposit in western Anhui Province is second large molybdenum deposits in the world with molybdenum metal reserves of more than 2.3Mt. Different types intrusions occur widely in Shapinggou district, including adamellite, granodiorite, quartz monzonite, syenite and K-feldspar granite porphyry, etc. Research on deposit geology, igneous rocks ages, petrology, geochemistry, metallogenic age and ore-forming fluid characteristics of Shapinggou molybdenum deposit has been done by some previous workers, but the previous research on magmatic rocks mainly focused on one single type of magmatic rocks, and the formation and evolution of intrusions from Shapinggou district is still poorly understood. The genesis of Shapinggou molybdenum deposit is still a matter of debate. Therefore, based on detailed field geological work, we further carried out a geochronology and geochemistry study of intrusions in Shapinggou mine area. LA-ICP MS zircon U-Pb dating for 4 intrusions, which including adamellite, granodiorite, syenite and K-feldspar granite porphyry, has been carried out. The dating results show their zircon LA-ICP MS U-Pb ages are 136.3±1.6Ma, 127.5±2.9Ma, 117.2±1.2Ma and 112.2±1.2Ma, respectively. Combined with contact relationships, ages and geochemical data, the plutons in Shapinggou mine area can be divided into two stages of 136~125Ma and 124~110Ma. The geochemistry date of the felsic intrusions in Shapinggou mine area indicate that from the first stage to the second stage, the magma series transformed from high-K calc-alkaline series to shoshonite series and calc-alkaline to alkaline, respectively; the magmatic properties changed from oxidation to reduction, the magmatic sources are from crust-mantle to crust, and the tectonic settings transform from tension to intraplate. The intrusions with high potassium, high alkalis, and a high degree of differentiation, partial reduction and crustal source tend to form large porphyry molybdenum deposit in a stable intraplate setting.
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